Nā huahana
Hana kūikawā i ka hana ʻana i ka waiʻona propargyl, 1,4 butynediol a me 3-chloropropyne
1,4-butanediol (BDO) a me kāna hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka PBAT plastic biodegradable
Hoʻolauna
1, 4-butanediol (BDO);ʻO ka PBAT he plastic biodegradable thermoplastic, he copolymer o butanediol adipate a me butanediol terephthalate.Loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona o PBA (polyadipate-1, 4-butanediol ester diol) a me PBT (polybutanediol terephthalate).Loaʻa iā ia ka ductility maikaʻi a me ka elongation i ka wā hoʻomaha, a me ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ka hana hopena.Eia kekahi, he biodegradability maikaʻi loa ia a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea biodegradable kaulana loa i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā plastic biodegradable a me ka noi maikaʻi loa ma ka mākeke.
Eia ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā ʻāpana kaulahao polymer PBAT:
Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hana ʻoihana o 1, 4-butanediol i nā kaʻina hana nui ʻehā.
1. Aldehyde ala (Reppe ala): ka mua acetylene a formaldehyde i mua o ka Cu-BI catalyst e hana 1, 4-butynediol.Hoʻopili hou ʻia ka mea hope i ka 1, 4-butenediol ma o ka skeleton nickel, a ukali ʻia e Ni-Cu-Mn/Al2O3 i ka 1, 4-butanediol.
2. Maleic anhydride hydrogenation: ua mahele hou ia i maleic anhydride esterification hydrogenation a maleic anhydride pololei hydrogenation.
3. Butadiene ano: mai 1, 3-butadiene a me ka acetic acid a me ka oxygen acetyl oxidation reaction, e hana i 1, 4-diacetyloxy-2-butadiene, a laila hydrogenation, hydrolysis.
4. propylene oxide (allyl alcohol method): propylene oxide e like me ka mea maka, catalytic isomerization i allyl alcohol, ma ka phosphine ligand catalyst ma lalo o ka hana o ka hydroformylation reaction e hana i ka huahana nui γ-hydroxypropanal, a laila unuhi, hydrogenation, hoʻomaʻemaʻe. e kiʻi i ka BDO.
ʻO ke ʻano Reppe ke ʻano hana kuʻuna e hana ai i ka BDO, ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka acetylene a me ka formaldehyde ma ke ʻano he kumu, ka synthesis a me ka hydrogenation o ʻelua mau ʻanuʻu e hana ai i ka BDO: ① acetylene a me formaldehyde reaction e hana ai i ka 1, 4-butynediol a me ka propargyl alcohol ma ke ʻano he huahana. ;②1, 4-butanediol i hydrogenated e hana i 1, 4-butanediol.
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka Acetylene he [alaea maoli/ʻaila] a me [alahu lanahu] : ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka coke a me ka limestone i loko o ka umu wela wela e hoʻohua ai i ka calcium carbide, calcium carbide a me ka hopena wai e hana ai i ka acetylene;Hoʻopuka ʻia ka Acetylene mai ke kinoea maoli a i ʻole ka aila ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka methane.
